Cereal Chem 58:116 - 120.  |  VIEW ARTICLE
Evaluation of the Nutrient Composition of Wheat. II. Proximate Analysis, Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, and Pyridoxine.

K. R. Davis, R. F. Cain, L. J. Peters, D. Le Tourneau, and J. McGinnis. Copyright 1981 by the American Association of Cereal Chemists, Inc. 

Wheats from five market classes with four subclasses of white wheat, comprising 406 samples, 231 varieties, and representing three crop years and 49 growing locations were evaluated for proximate and vitamin composition (thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, and pyridoxine). All values except moisture were expressed on a dry weight basis. Moisture had a range of 7.8-14.8%, with an overall mean of 11.4+/- 0.23%. Differences in moisture were significant only by year. Protein had a range of 8.3-19.3%, with an overall mean of 13.85 +/- 0.16%. Differences in protein were significant by year, by class, and by growing location. Ash content ranged from 1.17 to 2.96%, with an overall mean of 1.8 +/- 0.23%. Differences in ash content were significant by year, class, and growing location. Carbohydrate content (nitrogen-free extract) ranged from 65.4 to 78.9%, with an overall mean of 72.4 +/- 0.18%. Differences in carbohydrate were significant only by class. Thiamin ranged from 0.33 to 0.65 mg/100 g, with an overall mean of 0.46 +/- 0.005 mg/100 g. Differences in thiamin content were significant by year, class, and growing location. Riboflavin ranged from 0.10 to 0.17 mg/100 g, with an overall mean of 0.13 +/- 0.001 mg/100 g. Differences in riboflavin were significant by class and by location. Niacin ranged from 3.8 to 9.3 mg/100 g, with an overall mean of 5.5 +/- 0.07 mg/100 g. Differences in niacin content were significant only by year. Pyridoxine ranged from 0.16 to 0.79 mg/100 g, with an overall mean of 0.46 +/- 0.009 mg/100 g. Pyridoxine varied significantly by year and by class. Growing location exerted an influence sufficient to reduce the components of Centurk wheat from Alliance, NE, and Bozeman, MT, to a level that would prohibit Generally Recognized as Safe status if they were submitted as a substitute for Centurk.