Cereal Chem 68:280-284   |  VIEW ARTICLE

Analysis of the Molecular Species of Glycerolipids from Rye Grains by Reversed-Phase High- Performance Liquid Chromatography.

Y. Mano, S. Nishiyama, M. Kojima, M. Ohnishi, and S. Ito. Copyright 1991 by the American Association of Cereal Chemists, Inc. 

Total lipids were extracted and fractionated from several varieties of rye grains harvested in Europe and in Japan. The molecular species of their principal glycerolipids were analyzed by reversed-phase high- performance liquid chromatography. The yields of the total lipids were 1.6-1.9%, in which triacylglycerol (TG) was over 40%. The major lipid classes of the glycolipids and phospholipids were diglycosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG) and monoglycosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) in the first group and phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), and phosphatidylinositol (PI) in the second group. TG in rye grains was separable into at least 13 molecular species, among which the principal types (70% of total TG) were trilinolein, oleoyllinoleoyllinolenin, palmitoyldilinolein, oleoyldilinolein, and dilinoleoyllinolenin, in decreasing order. DGDG and MGDG contained six kinds of molecular species, in which dilinolein (LL) was the most abundant, followed by palmitoyllinolein (PL), oleoyllinolein, and linoleoyllinolenin in decreasing order. At least nine different types of molecular species were confirmed in PC, PE, and PI. The former two showed a similar pattern of molecular species, which were mainly composed of LL and PL. In the latter, the relative proportion of PL was over 40% of the whole. Comparison of the major lipid classes from rye grains with those from rice and maize showed a remarkable difference in the compositions of the molecular species in the TG from the different species. Slight distinctions were recognized in the constituents of the molecular species in the DGDG, PC, and PI derived from several species.