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Protein Allelic Composition, Dough Rheology, and Baking Characteristics of Flour Mill Streams from Wheat Cultivars with Known and Varied Baking Qualities¹

¹This work is based on a poster presented at IWQC, May 2001, Manhattan, KS. ²Sts. Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje, Institute of Animal Science, Dept. of Food Technology, 1000 Skopje, Republic of Macedonia. ³Corresponding author. E-mail: mirjanam@unet.com.mk. Phone/fax: 389 (02) 362 358. ⁴Research Institute in Agriculture, Center for Small Grains, 34 000 Kragujevac, FR Yugoslavia. ⁵Sts. Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje, Institute for Crop and Vegetable, 1000 Skopje, Republic of Macedonia.

Flour mill streams obtained by milling grain of 10 bread wheat cultivars grown in the Skopje region of Macedonia were analyzed for rheological and breadmaking quality characteristics and for composition of gliadins and HMW-GS. The objective of this study was to examine the relationships between the composition of gluten proteins and breadmaking quality, as well as to determine the importance of gluten proteins for technological quality of flour mill streams. The grain was milled in an experimental mill according to a standardized milling procedure, with three break and three reduction passages. The addition of two vibratory finishers in the milling scheme enabled better separation of bran. A small-scale baking method for evaluation of the breadmaking properties was developed, and electrophoretic methods including acid-PAGE and SDS-PAGE were used to determine the composition of the gluten proteins. There were significant differences in the degree of dough softening of individual and total flour fractions of the flour mill streams for cultivars with different alleles from six loci, for farinograph water absorption from seven loci, and for bread loaf volume and crumb quality score from six loci. The Glu-1 quality scores for the wheat cultivars investigated were 3–9 and proved to be a useful indicator of breadmaking quality. The novel feature of the investigation related to the breadmaking potential of the flour mill streams compared with straight-run flours.