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Characterization of Durum Wheat Semolina by Means of a Rapid Shear-Based Method

¹Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Giovanni Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy. ²Corresponding author. Phone: +39 02 50316640. E-mail: alessandra.marti@unimi.it ³Consiglio per la Ricerca e la Sperimentazione in Agricoltura (CRA-QCE), via Cassia 176, 00191 Rome, Italy. ⁴Food Division, Brabender GmbH & Co. KG, 51–55 Kulturstrasse 47055, Duisburg, Germany.

A rapid shear-based test (the GlutoPeak test, recently proposed by Brabender) was used to investigate gluten aggregation properties of durum wheat semolina and to relate them to pasta cooking behavior. Thirty semolina samples were characterized by means of the conventional approaches used for pasta-quality prediction (protein content, gluten index, and alveographic indices). All samples were also analyzed by the GlutoPeak test, obtaining three parameters: maximum peak torque, maximum peak time, and area under the peak. The GlutoPeak indices were significantly correlated with protein content, gluten index, and W alveographic parameter. The cooking quality of pasta obtained from the 30 semolina samples was evaluated by sensory analysis in terms of stickiness, bulkiness, firmness, and overall quality. The GlutoPeak indices were significantly correlated with the sensorial parameters. In comparison with the alveographic test, which is presently the most used rheological approach for semolina characterization, GlutoPeak analysis presents some advantages represented by a smaller amount of sample (9 g), a shorter time (less than 5 min), and the possibility that untrained analysts can carry it out. In addition, following testing with larger sample numbers, the GlutoPeak test has the potential to be used instead of the gluten index as a rapid and reliable approach for medium-quality semolina characterization.