Cereal Chem 54:803 - 812.  |  VIEW ARTICLE
Oat Lipids. I. Composition and Distribution of Lipid Components in Two Oat Cultivars.

V. L. Youngs, M. Pukulcu, and R. R. Smith. Copyright 1977 by the American Association of Cereal Chemists, Inc. 

Groats from the oat cultivars Dal and Froker were ground and extracted first with ethyl ether to obtain free lipids (80%) and then with water-saturated butanol to obtain bound lipids (20%). Thin-layer chromatography and reflectance densitometry were used to separate and measure certain lipid components in groats (triglycerides, 1,2- and 1,3-diglycerides, free fatty acids, sterols, sterol glucosides, monogalactosyl monoglycerides, digalactosyl diglycerides, phosphatidyl choline, phosphatidyl ethanolamine, lysophosphatidyl choline, and lysophosphatidyl ethanolamine). Lipid components were also measured in four fractions from oat groats: bran, starchy endosperm, scutellu, and embryonic axis. The triglyceride component was most abundant. It averaged 41% of the lipids in groats, and 39 to 58% in the four groat fractions, with the scutellum and embryonic axis containing 50 and 58%, respectively. The next most abundant fraction was digalactosyl diglyceride; about 7% in the groats, and 8% in the endosperm and bran. Insufficient amounts were present in the embryo to measure. The other components, measured individually, each accounted for 6% or less of the total lipids. All components measured averaged 69% of the total lipids extracted from both cultivars and all fractions. Relative fatty acid compostion of the free lipids extracted from four groat fractions and of the bound lipids extracted from bran and endosperm was measured by gas chromatography. Free lipids averaged more oleic and less palmitic acid (each about 7 percentage points) than bound lipids. Linoleic acid showed little change.