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Protein Content of Bulk Wheat from Near-Infrared Reflectance of Individual Kernels

¹USDA-ARS, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD 20705. Names are necessary to report factually on available data; however, the USDA neither guarantees nor warrants the standard of the product, and the use of the name by the USDA implies no approval of the product to the exclusion of others that may also be suitable. ²Corresponding author. E-mail: sdelwiche@asrr.arsusda.gov Phone: 301-504-8450. Fax: 301-504-9466.

Protein content of wheat by near-infrared (NIR) reflectance of bulk samples is routinely practiced. New instrumentation that permits automated NIR analysis of individual kernels is now available, with the potential for rapid NIR-based determinations of color, disease, and protein content, all on a single kernel (sk) basis. In the event that the protein content of the bulk sample is needed rather than that of the individual kernels, the present study examines the feasibility of estimating bulk sample protein from sk spectral readings. On the basis of 318 wheat samples of 10 kernels per sample, encompassing five U.S. wheat classes, the study demonstrates that with as few as 300 kernels bulk sample protein content may be estimated by sk NIR reflectance spectra at an accuracy equivalent to conventional bulk kernel NIR instrumentation.