September
2004
Volume
81
Number
5
Pages
594
—
597
Authors
Feng
Xie
,
1
Tom
Pearson
,
2
,
3
Floyd E.
Dowell
,
3
and
Naiqian
Zhang
1
Affiliations
Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department, Kansas State University, 147 Seaton Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506.
Corresponding author. E-mail: tpearson@gmprc.ksu.edu
USDA-ARS, Grain Marketing and Production Research Center, 1515 College Avenue, Manhattan, KS 66502.
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Accepted March 15, 2004.
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The proportion of vitreous durum kernels in a sample is an important grading attribute in assessing the quality of durum wheat. The current standard method of determining wheat vitreousness is performed by visual inspection, which can be tedious and subjective. The objective of this study was to evaluate an automated machine-vision inspection system to detect wheat vitreousness using reflectance and transmittance images. Two subclasses of durum wheat were investigated in this study: hard and vitreous of amber color (HVAC) and not hard and vitreous of amber color (NHVAC). A total of 4,907 kernels in the calibration set and 4,407 kernels in the validation set were imaged using a Cervitec 1625 grain inspection system. Classification models were developed with stepwise discriminant analysis and an artificial neural network (ANN). A discriminant model correctly classified 94.9% of the HVAC and 91.0% of the NHVAC in the calibration set, and 92.4% of the HVAC and 92.7% of the NHVAC in the validation set. The classification results using the ANN were not as good as with the discriminant methods, but the ANN only used features from reflectance images. Among all the kernels, mottled kernels were the most difficult to classify. Both reflectance and transmittance images were helpful in classification. In conclusion, the Cervitec 1625 automated visionbased wheat quality inspection system may provide the grain industry with a rapid, objective, and accurate method to determine the vitreousness of durum wheat.
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ArticleCopyright
This article is in the public domain and not copyrightable. It may be freely reprinted with customary crediting of the source. American Association of Cereal Chemists, Inc., 2004.