Cereals & Grains Association
Log In

03 Issues & Trends
Cereal Foods World, Vol. 65, No. 1
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1094/CFW-65-1-0008
Print To PDF
​​​Foreign Animal Disease in the Feed Industry: What Are the Risks, and What Can We Do?1
Cassie Jones,2 Jason Woodworth,3 Steve Dritz,4 and Chad Paulk5,6

Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, U.S.A.

1 Adapted from an article published in Feedstuffs, Vol. 91, No. 6, June 3, 2019.
2 Associate professor, Department of Animal Sciences and Industry.
3 Research professor, Department of Animal Sciences and Industry.
4 Professor, Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology.
5 Assistant professor, Department of Grain Science and Industry.
6 Corresponding author. E-mail: cpaulk@ksu.edu


© 2020 Cereals & Grains Association

Abstract

Ingredients are just one of many potential routes for entry of foreign animal diseases (FAD) into the United States. U.S. regulatory agencies and other entities are taking steps to limit entry through more direct methods, but it is the responsibility of the feed industry to minimize the potential for FAD entry through feed transport vehicles. For FAD entry via an ingredient to occur, there needs to be an initial contamination event, virus survival during transport, and consumption of a virus at a dose capable of causing infectivity. Several ways in which swine feed manufacturers can minimize the potential for FAD entry and transmission via the feed supply chain are discussed. Although some mills are struggling to implement changes that maximize feed safety, the cost of FAD entry into a mill would be catastrophic. Therefore, we must adapt to make feed that is safe as well as wholesome.




Trying to reach content?

View Full Article

if you don't have access, become a member

References

  1. American Feed Industry Association. Developing biosecurity practices for feed and ingredient manufacturing. Published online at www.afia.org/pub/?id=E348BF9F-98ED-09DB-A45D-504737FE7AE2. AFIA, Arlington, VA, 2019.
  2. Cochrane, R. A., Dritz, S. S., Woodworth, J. C., Stark, C. R., Huss, A. R., Cano, J. P., Thompson, R. W., Fahrenholz, A. C., and Jones, C. K. Feed mill biosecurity plans: A systematic approach to prevent biological pathogens in swine feed. J. Swine Health Prod. 24:154, 2016.
  3. Dee, S. A., Vauermann, F. V., Niederwerder, M. C., Singrey, A., Clement, T., et al. Survival of viral pathogens in animal feed ingredients under transboundary shipping models. PLoS One. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0194509. 2018.
  4. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 2019 Food outlook—Biannual report on global food markets. Published online at www.fao.org/3/ca4526en/ca4526en.pdf. FAO, Rome, Italy, 2019.
  5. Gebhardt, J. T., Cochrane, R. A., Woodworth, J. C., Jones, C. K., Niederwerder, M. C., et al. Evaluation of the effects of flushing feed manufacturing equipment with chemically treated rice hulls on porcine epidemic diarrhea virus cross-contamination during feed manufacturing. J. Anim. Sci. 96:4149, 2018.
  6. Huss, A. R., Schumacher, L. L., Cochrane, R. A., Poulsen, E., Bai, J., Woodworth, J. C., Dritz, S. S., Stark, C. R., and Jones, C. K. Elimination of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in an animal feed manufacturing facility. PLoS One. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0169612. 2017.
  7. Kansas State University. Swine feed mill biosecurity audit. Available online at www.asi.k-state.edu/research-and-extension/swine/FeedSafetyResources.html. KSU, Manhattan, KS, 2018.
  8. Magossi, G., Cernicchiaro, N., Dritz, S., Houser, T., Woodworth, J., Jones, C., and Trinetta, V. Evaluation of Salmonella presence in selected United States feed mills. MicrobiologyOpen. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/mbo3.711. 2018.
  9. Niederwerder, M. C., Stoian, A. M. M., Rowland, R. R. R., Dritz, S. S., Petrovan, V., et al. Infectious dose of African swine fever virus when consumed naturally in liquid or feed. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 25:891, 2019.
  10. Schumacher, L. L., Huss, A. R., Cochrane, R. A., Stark, C. R., Woodworth, J. C., et al. Characterizing the rapid spread of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) through an animal food manufacturing facility. PLoS One. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0187309. 2017.
  11. Schumacher, L. L., Woodworth, J. C., Jones, C. K., Chen, Q., Zhang, J., et al. Evaluation of the minimum infectious dose of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in virus-inoculated feed. Am. J. Vet. Res. 77:1108, 2016.